Apparatus for the distillation of wood.



W. BANNER. v APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLA'IION 0F WOOD.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, 1912.

1,096,687, Patented May12,1914.

2 SHEETBBHBET 1.

wtw y RMXM I W. BANNER.

APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION OF WOOD.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1912.

Lmfifim. Patented May 12, 1914.

2 SHEETS-8111331 2.

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Ll 7g 30 9 2 aweutoa Mm (3r arn'r onion.

WILLIAM BANNER, on smnnu, moist-him, ASSIGNOR 'ro ronns'r rnonuc'rs 00., a 1 CORIQRA'IIQN or LOUISIANA.

' APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION or W001i.-

mo em.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented m 12, 1914.

Application filed s tembero, 1912; Serial No. 718,958.

T all whom it may concern I Be it known that I, W ILLLAM DANNER, a

,citizen of the United States, residing at Slidell, in the parish'ott' St, Tammany and State of Louisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Distillation of Wood, of which the follow iiig is a specification.

This invention rel testo an apparatus for use in thedestructive distillation ol' wood for the production: of turpentine, tar, creosoi'e, commercial charcoal, and like products. The primary ob ect of the invention 15 to provide a pair of ovens adapted lo have a number of removable retorts mounted there in at different times, and means tor heating both ovens and for super-heating the steam which is to be used in a certain stage of the )rocess,;wh1ch process similar to that described in my prior Patent #88 ,(ij l, it be ing understood that the so. l steam may he supplled by some suitable source which does not form a part of-my improved opparatm;

In following out the process, the first/stage thereof, which is the application of ordinary moist steam to the wood, is carriml on first in the retort in one of the ovens, and then after this step is completed, the moist stcanl is directed into the retort in the other oven I "and superheated steam. is. applied to the wood 1n the first-named retort. These steps operation may take place without interruption, a'great-deal of time and labor being:

4 -thus saved.

Another object of the invention is to provide a manifold in the forward end of the retort ,which has a plurality of perforated pipes attached thereto and projecting into the interior of the retort, so that after, the

[main inlet, to the manifold is attached to the feed :pipe oithe oven, difierent qualities of steam-may injected into the retort upon adjustment of regulating valves carried by the oven, which control the admission of steam from bothjthesoiiroe otmjoist steam andthe superheoter into the said feed pipe.

The invention consists of the features of l construction, combination and 'arrangement of parts, hereinafter j fully described and claimed, reference bein had to tho-accompanying drawings, in w ich:-.

Figure 1 is a rear elevation of the device. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken. on the line 2---2 of Fig. 1. Fig.

3 is a longitudinal horizontal sectional VIKHW taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. t is a *longitudinal sectional view taken on ,llne 4. 1; of Fig. 1 and showing a retort in-the OVGII.

In the drawings, 1 and Zdesignalte a pair of horizontally spaeed, parallel ovens, each comprising a hollow steam cylinder 3 provid al :rtits rear end with a closed head ,4.

'i'hcse ovensarc sct' in a casing or j aclgct 5 of In-e brick or some such material,ahcating- :turnace being n'ovided between the ovens. lllic'fnrnacc i-tgnsists oi the lire box 7 and the heating spare k in which thehorizontallj/ disposed su u-ri'imiliug oil 9 is disposed, gilltl is irn'loscd lo: the side walls '10 and 11, the front and nunwalls 12 and 15-5 and the top wall 1-1, the rear wall 'l lthereoit being flush with the rear wall oi the casing propei.-,-'and the from. wall 3*! oi the furnace being spaced .lrom the Front wall or the casing so as to prev emanate front the fire box 7 of the furnace "are ada iml to pass inwardly beneath a horiplate 17 overlying the said coils, then for--.

wardly through the flue 18 provided between the batlle pliitc 17 and the top wall 14 of the furnace. and down through the flue 15 at the front of the furnace to a point near the bottom u't the casing. Lateral openings 15) and 20 are provided at the lower end of the line 15 in the side walls of the furnace so as to permit the heated gases to pass out into the spaces provided beneath the ovens 1 and 2, respectively, so that the. same may be heated by these gases. M1 upwardly extending lluc 23 is provided in the side wall 2:1 of the easing at the outside of the oven 1- Which per inits the said gases to pass into a laterally extending, cylindrical jacket .25, which latter extends across the top of the ovens and lo a llHr if) thmrbctwecn. The prod' .ncts oi vonihusrion and the heated air which con oews? means of the vertical. pipe supportin portion of the jacltet 25.

A suitable damper or cut-oil valve 2 is provided in the pipe 26 so that the pa sage of the ebovenienl'ioned gases therethrwigh may be checked whenever desired by the optntor. A similar flue is provied in the pposite side wall 29 of the said liaising end leads umvardly from the space provided beneath the oven "2 to its connection with the vertical pipe 530, which latter supports and is connected to the previously described jacket 25. A damper 31 is provided in the 2e so as to cut-oil the passage of'gases 'oughthe same. A pair of steam supply t 25 so that theyinay bc'heated by the .ucts of combustion passing from the vent condensation of steam within the us While passing to the ovens from ar, ,Lillllld boiler or source of steam located at e point distant fronififhe ovens.

i-i'horizontal manifold cyl'i'iider Sal e s secured to the rear end w: ll or head at of the oven 1, it being provided at its inner end with on annular attaching flange-35 which provided with a plurality of openings 36 wh h are in alinemcut with similar open 7 in the said head 4 and which are inided for a purpose which will be more ttlly described hereinafter. A vertically extending feed pipe 38 is attached to the manifold 34- at 39 and extends upwardly to a point 40 where. it is bent inwardly and extends to its point of attachment 4:1 with an n wardl= and inwardl inclined conncctfl 1mg pipe 42 which is attached to the supply i'pe 32 at l3. A hand coutrolledcut-olf 1-1 is connected with the pipe 38 a suitable distance above the manifold 34. A. feed pipe 45 also connected to the manifold 311 and extends upwardly and inwardly toward the front wall of the furnace to a point l whereit is connected to one prptrud iiig end 17 of the superheating coil 9. A hand 'alve 48 similar to the valve all is provided in the vertical portion of the pipe 45 immediately above its connection with. the manifold. The protruding opposite end &9 of the superheating coil 5) attached at 50 to :1 vertically and inwardly extending pipe 51 which is connected at 52 to the supply pipe. Aregulatlng valve is connected in the vertical portion of the pipe 51 in rear of :he furnace so as to be readily aixtcssible.

A n'loiiifold cylinder 54 similar to the manifold 3% is attached is the'rcar end wall lof the oven? and provided" with an ate I flange 55 on its inner end and of horisontal as 32yand are contained within the emcee through one. or both of the side i justdescrihed to an extent sufhcient toits lower end attached to the manifold end extends vertically therefrom to a point 58 Where it is bent inwardly and extends to its point of attachment with the connecting pipe 42, which point is coincident with the poiht of attachment 4:]. of the pipe 38. A- hand controlled valve 59 is providedin connection with the pipe 57 a suitable distance above the manifold 54:. A feed pipe 60 is attached to the manifold 5-1 and extends upwardly as at 61 for a short distance and then inwardly to its point of, connection with the projecting end 47 of the superheating coil 9, n regulating valve 62 being provided inthe short vertical portion 61 of this pipe,

A lar e vertically extending outlet chaun ber is mounted upon each of the ovens near the rear end thereofand is in open communication therewith through the open ing (is? in the latter. This outlet pipe is intended for the passage of the vaporized products of the distillation and has spaced lateral outlets 65 and 66 which are connected by adjustable valves 65* and 66* to suitable conducting pipes, so that the more volatile gaseswhich result froni the first process of the distillation may pass oil through one of the said bronclios and the less vola tile or more heavy vapors he moved through the other branch d nning the second stage of the process, this being regulated by adjustment of the above-described valves.

A second outlet chamber 67 extends horizontally from the rear wall or heed of each oven at the lower edge thereof, and has spaced, downwardly extending outlets 68 and 69 formed therewith and connected by the adjustable valves 68 and 69 to suitable conveying pipes. This second outlet chainber provided for the passage of rosin and pitch from th oven, therosin being allowed to pass out through the branch outlet 68 during the first stage of the process, and pitch being afforded an exitthrough the other branch (39 during the second stage.

The rear end of each oven has-an annular attaching neiuber 70 embracing the same and secured in position by suitable means such as riveting or Welding, and this menioer is provided directly above the oven with a pair of spaced lugs 71 between which a hinge block 72 is pivoted by means ota bolt 78. v closur v for the oven, which comp-rises the minulnr outer portion 75, the fiat central plate 76 secured to the inner face portion i '75 and covering the opening 77 therein, and the outwardly bulging outer plate 78 i secured to the outer face of the portion 75 in registration with the plate 765 is hingedlyc connected to the annular member 70 through the niediuinof the hinge block 72, which A circular'door '74 serving as a letter is ottechedto the'portion 75 of the. m door at its upper edg as at 79. The air 13,

-90 notches 84 provided in the outer portion J i the threaded ends of the side bolts being in 45 ner portion. The bearing1po1'tion is adapted;

eohga nst any surface with whichthe retort- .ou pitbh'and is disposedsdthat it may pm} manner 8 1 gpaceBO provided between the plates 76 and 8 of the door serves to prevent radiation of heat from the. oven through this end of the-same, the body portionv of each oven being protected by the casing before described. The annular member 70 is provided in its outer edge with a dove-tailed groove .81 in which is mounted an annular gasket-82 of rubber, or the like, and which 10 18 ads ted to engage the annular ridge 83 forms on thejnner face of the outer portion .75 of the door, to provide an air-tight joint between the door and the oven, the oven bejng thus hermetically sealed during the time when the retort is ositioned thereinand the door is closed. T e door is secured in closed position by means' of the swivel or swing bolts which are, pivoted to the member 70 and are received by the marginal 75 of the door, securing'mlts 85 carried by engagement with the outer face of the said portion 7 5 when in this position. Each 01" the retort's used "in the ovens consists of a 'hollow, cylindrical body 80 which is closed at its front and rear ends by ineans'of the walls 87and 88, respectively. The retort 86 is providedwith a top opening 89 through,

10 which wood is admitted to the retort and through which the charcoal residue may be removed, and has a plurality of perforations 90 provided in each side thereof for the escape of the vaporous products of distillation. The retort is mounted upon the flanged wheels 91 which are-adapted to run upon a suitable trackway provided without the ovens and ada ted to be carried by a track mounted wit in the oven when the retort is run thereinto or is removed there-z. from. The rails 92 which comprise the track within each of the ovens are formed of angle iron, which latter consist of a horizontal bearing portion and the vertical in-' 'to be'positi'oned upon a p urality of spaced, horizontally extending, supportm brackets 95, a pluralit of spaced vertica brackets 96 engagingt efinner face of the vertical w portion of each rail so as to maintain the same firmly iii-"position. The rails 92 may be secured tothe brackets in any suitable '--manner or'may rest ,in position without be f ing fastened in position so'that they may be removed in, order" 0 aci'litate the cleaning of the oven. Bands 97 and 98 embrace the front and rear ends of the. retort and are provided with annular flan es 99 and 100, 'respectivelypwhich. are a a ted to 'bear may conic amm rs to supporter protect the same Avu outlet; opening 101 is provided in thebotto'm of the retort at its inner end as an'exhaust iorthe-rosin or into the outlet chamber 67 carried by either 7 of the ovensa Each retort has an oblong manifold 102 secured within the same against the rear wall thereof so that its reduced circular Outer portion 103 extends through an opening 104 in the said wall. The body portion of'the manifold which is located lnteriorly with respectto the retort has its inner and side walls provided with a, plurality of threaded ipe openings 105 into which are threaded t e perforated pipes 100 which are adapted to inject either ordinary live steam or superheated steam to the contents of the retort. The interior space 107 of the manifold isin communication with an outwardly extending opening 108 which passes through the reduced portion 103. The portion 103 is still further reduced, as at 109, to form a trunnion for the retort, this portion be- 35 ing provided outwardly with an attaching flange 110 having a plurality of attaching studs 111 provided thereon and extending outwardly therefrom. WVhen the retort is mounted within either of'the ovens, the flange 110 engages with'the rear wall or head of the oven so that the studs 111 are received by the openings 36 in the flange 35 of the feed chamber 34, and the opening 108 is in communication with the'openin 112 provided in the head of the ovenvan opening into the chamber 34. When securing nuts; 113 have been threaded on the outwardly protruding ends of the studs 111" and have been properly ti htened, a steamtight joint is effected, so t at steam may be admittedv through the vsaidv openings and manifold into the interior of theretortl AT coacting'trunnion 114 is attached insuitable manner to the front wallof the retort in direct horizontal alincment with the trunnion thus ath rded by the manifold, so that the retort rilay be suspended from these .trunnions by a suitable support 'or hearing after it has been removed fro I the oven within which it has been used, and may be rotated when in this position in order to remove the residue from the retort by the aid of gravity, through the top opening89, p

In carryingout my process with the im-' proved apparatus described herein; the wood to be used inthe retorts is cut into the, desired size and is inserted into one of the retorts through'its top opening. The rs-v tort isj then run along the trackway, pro-' 'vided therefor and is inserted within the I oven desi ted'jby t e numeral 1, for instance, and the attac mg flange carried by the manifold on the retort is secured in .the

above described manner to the he'adgof the 13 even. After the oven door has been secured in its closed position and the valves .66" and GBhaveIbeen opened,"ordinary live steam is injected into the ret'ortiby opening the vhlye" steam passes'fth'rough pipes 32, ,42, 1:6

and 38, into the manifold 34:, Irom which it enters the retort through manifold 10:2 and the perforated pipes 106. In this manner the more volatile products such as turpentine and the like are driven oft in the form of light vapor through the outlet chamber (34 and the branch outletGG to suitable receptacles provided therefor. The liquefied rosin during this stage of the processpasses out through the outlet chamber 67 and the branch 68, after this operation has Continued for a proper length of time necessary. to remove all of the products which become volatile at the temperature of the injected steam. In the meantime a second retorthas been inserted in oven 2 and is ready to'have steam injected into it. When the stage just described, of the process, has been completed, the valve 44 is closed so as to cut off the steam, and the outlet valves 66 and 68 of the first oven are closed and the valves 65 and 69 of the same oven are opened. Thevalves 66 and 68 carried by the second oven are then opened, the valve 59 in the steam feed pipe is opened so as to admit ordinary live steam to the retort carried by the second oven. After the steam has been superheated in the furnace, the valve 48 is opened so as to admit superheated steam into the retort within the first oven through pipe 45 and the previously-described manifolds. During this operatim 'the heavier vapors are driven off through the outlet chamber 64 and the branch outlet 65, and the pitch which runs out through the opening 101 in the bottom of the retort passes out through the outlet chamber 67 and the branch outlet 69. After the second stage of the process has been undergone in the first oven and the first stage has been concluded in the second oven, the retort witbn the first oven is withdrawn and another retort replaces it therein, after the valve 48 and the outlet valves have been closed' The valve 59 is now closed and the outlet valves 66 and 68- 'carried by the second oven are closed, and the valves and 69 carried thereby are opened. The valve 62 is then opened so as to admit superheated steam to. the retort- 1n the second oven, and the sec-- dered possible by the apparatus which I have provided.

What is claimed is:

1. In a distilling apparatus, ,the combination of pairof ovens disposed adjacent to each other, a feed chamber mounted exteriorly upon each oven, the said oven.'having an opening in one of its walls in com; municationwith the chamber, retorts adapted to be positioned within the ovens, a manifold provided upon each retort in communication with the interior thereof and having an opening adapted to register with the said oven opening, a source of supply of ordinary live steam, a supp] ing from said source to a point adjacent to the said ovens, branch pipes connecting the said supply pipe with the respective oven feed chambers, an adjustable valve provided within each of said branch pipes, a source of supply of superheated stea1n,=a supply 'pipe connected with the said source, branch pipes connecting the last-named supply pipe with. me said feed chambers, and an adjustable valve provided in each of the last-named branch pipes.

2. In a distilling apparatus, an oven havingan opening in one of its walls, a feed ,chamber'mounted exteriorly upon the wall of the oven in communication with the said opening, a flange provided upon the said chamber having a plurality of openings therein, the saidpvall of the oven being provided with openings surrounding its firstnamed opening in communication with the flange openings, a retort adapted 'to be mounted within said oven, a manifold mounted upon the retort in communication with the interior thereof and'havin a head adapted to abut the said wall of t e oven, the said head being provided with a main opening adapted to register with the first named opening of the oven wall, a plurality of attaching bolt members formed upon the said head of the retort manifold and being adapted for engagement within the registering openings of the oven wall and flange. of the feed chamber so as to project outwardly therethrough, and Securing nuts for the outer end of the said bolt members.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature inprescnce of two witnesses.

WILLIAM BANNER. it/messes:

ll. J. SnY uoUR, Jr., JOHN Keen.

pipe extend 

